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Hardware guide

510 thread batteries and voltage settings

A 510 battery is the most standardised thing in this category and the most confusingly marketed. The thread is a spec; the voltage dial is a real control worth understanding. Here's what each setting changes.

5 min readUpdated July 17, 2026
510 thread battery devices and adapters on a light background

What "510" means

510 is a threading standard — the screw fitting between a battery and a cartridge. It's called 510 because the original had ten threads over five millimetres. That's the entire meaning.

Its value is interoperability: any 510 cartridge screws onto any 510 battery. It says nothing about quality, power, or what's in the cartridge. A battery is a power supply with a standard connector, and the RayGun Penjamin is a battery device — it contains no nicotine and no e-liquid.

What the voltage settings change

Voltage sets how hard the battery drives the cartridge's coil, which sets how hot it runs. Hotter means bigger, warmer vapour and faster consumption. Cooler means smaller, cooler draws, more flavour detail, and longer life.

The RayGun Penjamin offers four levels — 2.7V, 3.0V, 3.3V, and 3.7V. That range is deliberately conservative, which is the right call: the fastest way to ruin a cartridge is to run it hotter than its coil wants.

SettingCharacterUse it when
2.7VCoolest, smallest drawStarting a new cartridge, or chasing flavour over volume
3.0VMildGeneral use — the safe default to live at
3.3VWarmer, larger drawThicker oil that's drawing hard at lower settings
3.7VHottestSparingly. Fastest consumption and the most likely to scorch a coil
The RayGun Penjamin's four levels and what each is for.
  • Start any new cartridge at the lowest setting and step up only if the draw is too small.
  • A harsh or burnt taste means the setting is too high for that coil. Step down — it's not a defect.
  • Higher voltage consumes faster. Living at 3.7V is a choice to buy cartridges more often.

Preheat, and what it's for

Preheat runs a low-power pulse to warm the oil without you drawing on it. It exists for one problem: cold, thick oil that won't move, which is common in winter and with denser extracts.

It's a fix for a specific symptom, not a step in normal use. If the cartridge is drawing fine, preheat does nothing except spend battery.

Fit and cartridge size

The thread is standard; the housing isn't. The Penjamin fits 0.5g to 1g cartridges inside the body, and 2g-plus cartridges sit on top using the included metal adapters — three ship in the box.

So "is it compatible" has two answers: electrically, yes, always, that's what 510 means. Physically, check whether the cartridge fits inside or rides on top, because that determines whether it fits your pocket.

Common questions

What does 510 thread mean?

It's the threading standard connecting a battery to a cartridge — ten threads across five millimetres, originally. It guarantees that any 510 cartridge fits any 510 battery, and implies nothing about quality or power.

What voltage should I use for my cart?

Start at the lowest setting your battery offers and step up only if the draw is too small. On the RayGun Penjamin that's 2.7V, with 3.0V as a sensible everyday default. A burnt or harsh taste means you're too high for that coil — step down rather than pushing through.

What does preheat do?

It runs a low-power pulse to warm thick or cold oil so it flows before you draw. It's a fix for a cartridge that won't pull properly in the cold, not part of normal use — if the draw is already fine, it just costs battery.

Will a 2g cartridge fit a 510 battery?

It will connect, because 510 is a universal thread. Whether it fits the housing is separate: the RayGun Penjamin holds 0.5g to 1g cartridges inside the body, while 2g-plus cartridges mount on top using one of the three included metal adapters.

Does a 510 battery contain nicotine?

No. A 510 battery is a power supply with a standard connector — no nicotine and no e-liquid. Whatever the cartridge contains is a separate purchase and a separate question.

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